Principais cuidados na sala de parto e tratamento pós-natal de recém-nascidos portadores de cardiopatia congênita
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Introdução: As cardiopatias congênitas (CC) são os defeitos congênitos de maior prevalência. O diagnóstico precoce, especialmente quando há repercussão fetal e neonatal, possibilita o planejamento do parto em unidades adequadas para o atendimento desses recém-nascidos. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi apresentar uma atualização sobre o manejo pré e pós-natal de algumas das principais CC críticas estruturais e arritmias com importante repercussão hemodinâmica fetal e neonatal, como a transposição das grandes artérias (TGA), a anomalia de Ebstein, o bloqueio atrioventricular total (BAVT) e a taquicardia supraventricular por reentrada (TSVP). Fonte de dados: A metodologia foi realizada por revisão narrativa de artigos relevantes dessas cardiopatias, com enfoque na atualização da prática clínica. Fonte de dados obtida após busca no PubMed, LILACS e no Google Scholar. Síntese dos dados: As CC críticas e as arritmias com repercussão hemodinâmica necessitam de uma abordagem terapêutica específica, sendo fundamental salientar alguns tópicos sobre o atendimento desses pacientes. Conclusões: A detecção precoce facilita o aconselhamento parental, possibilita melhor planejamento do parto e otimiza a conduta terapêutica pós-natal, reduzindo, assim, as taxas de morbidade e mortalidade relacionadas às cardiopatias.
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