Induced hypothermia in newborns with a diagnosis of hypoxic-is chemic encephalopathy
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Abstract
Objective: Listing general characteristics about hypothermia induced in hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Data source: Integrative literature review, carried out in the Virtual Health Library (VHL), Google Scholar and PubMed / Medline databases, using the descriptors “Induced hypothermia” and “Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy” and “ newborn ‘’. Articles published in the last five years that addressed the theme of hypothermia induced in newborns with the diagnosis of EHI were selected. Data synthesis: Of 22 articles that met the inclusion criteria, 19 cited the inclusion and exclusion criteria for patients able to receive induced hypothermia. The main inclusion criteria were: gestational age> 36s, starting before the newborn completes 6 hours of life, birth weight> 1500g, presenting a moderate / severe encephalopathy clinic, preferably confirmed by a neurologist. The exclusion criteria found were normal in the aEEG, inability to start cooling in the first 6 hours after birth, severe chromosomal and congenital anomalies, and infectious diseases. Fourteen articles addressed care: continuous monitoring of skin, rectal and esophageal temperature, changes in decubitus, keeping the hypothermia blanket dry, monitoring laboratory tests and newborn stability. Fourteen articles concluded that induced hypothermia has benefits, but its application depends on institutional protocol and training of teams with a focus on potential complications. Conclusion: The use of induced hypothermia has benefits and is safe for neuroprotection in newborns with EHI when performed with a specific protocol and trained multidisciplinary team.
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