Ultrasound-guided percutaneous renal biopsy in children: report of more than 20 cases performed by pediatric nephrologists
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Abstract
Introdução: Ultrasound-guided renal biopsy is a decisive diagnostic procedure for various kidney pathologies in children and adolescents. For many years, this technique has been improved, and currently has a low complication rate. Objective: To describe and analyze the
experience of a university center in performing ultrasound-guided renal biopsy in children and adolescents by pediatric nephrologists. Methodology: Retrospective study of 23 medical records of children and adolescents who underwent ultrasound-guided percutaneous
renal biopsy between November 2019 and January 2021. Data were analyzed and compared with pre-existing data in the literature. Results: The main clinical characteristics present in the study participants were proteinuria, microscopic hematuria and edema. The main clinical diagnoses presented were nephrotic syndrome (52.2%) and lupus nephritis (26.1%). The histological diagnoses obtained were mainly focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (30.4%), followed by IgA nephropathy (21.7%) and lupus nephritis (21.7%). Samples with
ten or more glomeruli were the majority in light microscopy (95.7%) and immunofluorescence (60.9%). Two patients had their diagnosis compromised by the quality of the sample (8.7%). The rates of serious complications were low, one patient required blood transfusion (4.3%) due to thrombocytopenia and two others evolved with perirenal hematoma and bleeding in more than two diuresis (8.7%), without clinical repercussions or need for intervention. Conclusion: In our service, where percutaneous renal biopsy is performed by pediatric nephrologists, the procedure presented low complication rates and high rates of samples satisfactory for histological diagnosis.
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