Epidemiological, clinical and laboratory profile of children hospitalized due to respiratory diseases and evolution analysis after hospitalization
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Abstract
Introduction: Respiratory diseases are the main cause of hospitalization, morbidity and mortality in children, and numerous factors affect their prevalence and severity. Objective: To describe the epidemiological and viral profiles of children admitted to hospital with respiratory disease and need for oxygen therapy from a Pediatric Referral Emergency Unit. Methods: Children aged less than 5 y.o. admitted to hospital with respiratory disease and need for oxygen therapy were included. An epidemiological and clinical questionnaire was administered for the parent or guardian, followed by the collection of nasopharyngeal specimens for viral identification. Statistical analyses were performed using Mann-Whitney or Fishers exact tests. Alpha was set at 0.05.Results: Twenty-three children were included being 56.5% were male, 65.2% had one or more (1+) siblings =10 y.o., 78.7% reported a history of atopy, 39.1% had positive viral identification and 60.9% were hospitalized. Household crowding was associated with positive viral isolation and fewer visits to the Pediatric Referral Emergency Unit. Hospital readmissions were associated with preterm birth, positive viral isolation and a history of wheezing. Use of continuous medication was more frequent among those who had been hospitalized, with 1+ siblings =10 y.o. and a history of wheezing. Conclusions: To be male, having 1+ siblings =10 y.o. and living in a crowded household could be risk factors for respiratory diseases. Use of continuous medication had a higher prevalence in the presence of history of wheezing and 1+ siblings =10 y.o. The most frequently isolated viruses were respiratory syncytial virus and influenza.
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