The relationship between reported cases of hepatitis A and vaccination coverage in Brazil: an ecological study
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Abstract
Introduction: In Brazil, there has been a decline in infection levels caused by the Hepatitis A virus due to improved basic sanitation, urbanization, and universal vaccination of children; however, there are isolated outbreaks of the disease. Objective: To relate the incidence of reported cases of hepatitis A with vaccination coverage during the period 2014 and 2022. Methodology: An ecological study with data obtained from access to the Ministry of Health by the Viral Hepatitis Epidemiological Bulletins and by the Information Technology Department of the Unified Health System, on the incidence of infection by the Hepatitis A virus and Hepatitis A vaccination coverage from 2014 to 2022. Results: Vaccination coverage showed heterogeneity in the period analyzed and between the regions studied, and years 2014, 2016 and 20121 had the lowest vaccination coverage in the North, Northeast and Southeast regions. In the analyzed period, the Southeast region had an increase in confirmed cases of Hepatitis A over the years, while in other regions there was a reduction in the number of cases. In the correlation between vaccination coverage and Hepatitis A incidence rate, the Northeast showed an inversely proportional and significant correlation, with increased vaccination coverage and decreased Hepatitis A cases, and the other regions showed no correlation. There is also great heterogeneity in temporal behavior in each age group. Conclusion: There was great heterogeneity in the relationship between reported cases of Hepatitis A and vaccination coverage in Brazil.
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References
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