Comparison of childhood obesity classification criteria and their association with asthma
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Abstract
Objectives: To check the prevalence of asthma and obesity in school-age children and adolescents in the city of Juiz de Fora, state of Minas Gerais, study four different anthropometric parameters for the definition of childhood obesity, and identify the difference between them regarding their association with asthma and severe asthma. Methods: An observational cross-sectional study. The ISAAC questionnaire and anthropometric data were used. The study was conducted with school children (aged 6-8) and adolescents (aged 13-15). Antropometric measurements were made at randomly selected schools. Comparisons were made with the Student’s t-test or Mann-Whitney test. The correlation in the classification of obesity among the different parameters was analyzed using the Kappa coefficient. Results: 394 students (58.1%) were between 6-8 years old, and 54.3% were female. The prevalence of active asthma in school children was 18.6%, and 12.7% in adolescents. The prevalence of obesity was 24% and 28%, respectively. There was a good correlation between waist circumference (Kappa coefficient 0.68) and waist-to-height ratio (Kappa coefficient 0.71) compared to the BMI Z-score when comparing the anthropometric parameters for obesity. There was an association of waist-to-height (p = 0.044) and the BMI Z-score (p = 0.017) with asthma and of neck circumference with severe asthma (p = 0.004). Conclusion: Waist-to-height ratio and neck circumference are important anthropometric measures to define asthma-related childhood obesity, and they are also easy to implement in clinical practice.
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