Use of alcohol during breastfeeding: a review study
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Abstract
Introduction: the use of alcohol by nursing mothers may be a complicating factor for
breastfeeding practice due to the effects of this drug on milk production, on the nursing
mother and on the infant. Objective: to conduct a review study about the use of alcohol
by breastfeeding women and its effects on infant and lactation. Data source: PubMed,
Medline, Lilacs and SciELO databases in the last 15 years, with the descriptors ‘ethanol’,
‘breast feeding’, ‘lactation’ and ‘human milk’ in Portuguese, English and Spanish languages. Relevant books, texts and articles were also used. Data synthesis: the use of alcoholic beverages during breastfeeding period is an increasing practice and is associated with risks to the infant and to the production of breast milk. Alcohol has low molecular weight, lack of binding to plasma proteins, high acid constant and high oral bioavailability, which facilitates its excretion through breast milk. Despite the risks of exposure to alcohol via breast milk, low doses of alcohol should not contraindicate breastfeeding. Conclusions: mo thers should be encouraged to avoid the use of this drug throughout the lactation period. If the woman chooses to use alcohol, she should be advised to delay breastfeeding until the alcohol is eliminated from breast milk.
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