Transposition of great vessels: report and prognosis of a patient operated 21 years ago

Abstract

Introduction: Transposition of great vessels is a structural abnormality of the heart, described as an atrioventricular concordance and a ventriculoatrial discordance, present in one every 3,000 live births, requiring the execution of surgery in childhood. Objective: To report the case of a 21-year-old patient who was operated on to correct the disease in 1999 and obtained a good prognosis, to relate the disease with familial hypercholesterolemia condition and to observe factors that led to a good clinical outcome. Case Description: We reported a case of a full term, cyanotic newborn, who had an early diagnosis of transposition of great vessels associated with atrial septal defect, had a decompensation of the cyanosis in the preoperative period and was
referred to the intensive care unit, where, evolving with suspicion of sepsis, was submitted to antibiotic therapy. He was operated on at seven days old and presented left ventricular failure when he left extracorporeal circulation, which was then successfully corrected. In adolescence, he was diagnosed with familial hypercholesterolemia, and started treatment with statins. Currently (2020), The patient is in functional class I and performs regular physical activities without complaints. Discussion: The pre-existence of an atrial septal defect was fundamental to avoid death from cyanotic decompensation in the preoperative period, since it allowed the mixture of oxygenated and non-oxygenated blood. Patient presents right bundle branch
block as an asymptomatic sequel, a common occurrence in cardiac surgeries.