Reflections on diet and socioeconomic conditions on the nutritional status of children hospitalized in the Legal Amazon
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Abstract
Introduction: Positive, nutritional and psycho-affective interventions in the first thousand days of life, from conception to the end of the second year, are fundamental for health, from childhood to senescence. Are able to increase cognition and decrease the chances of developing chronic non-communicable diseases. Objective: To evaluate dietary and socioeconomic factors in the first year of life and to correlate them with the nutritional status of hospitalized children. Methods: Retrospective and observational study, one-year duration, approved by CEP-UFRR under the CAEE 65148616.6.0000.530. Anthropometry of 158 children up to one year of age and interviewed at hospital admission was performed. Associations were evaluated by the Chi-square test, p ≤ 0.05, Odds Ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval in Epi Info software version 7.0. Results: There was a correlation between the following variables: Indigenous descendants, short stature (p = 0.001; OR: 3.5) and low weight (p = 0.007; OR: 3.28); five or more residents in the same household, short stature (p = 0.04; OR:
2.3), low weight (p = 0.003; OR: 3.9) and low BMI (p = 0.04; OR: 3.4) ; (p = 0.00; OR: 6.96), low birth weight (p = 0.001; OR: 4.24), and low BMI (p = 0.006; OR: 1.58 ); breastfeeding, exclusive or not, regardless of duration, short stature (p = 0.02; OR: 0.34) and low weight (p = 0.002; OR: 0.23); breastfeeding exclusively or associated to infant formula until the sixth month, short stature (p = 0.016; OR: 0.24) and low weight (p = 0.01; OR: 0.22); Sugar before 1 year and short stature (p = 0.009; OR: 2.89). Conclusions: The correlations found point out that in addition to inadequate dietary intake, socioeconomic factors can be determinant for the composition of an inadequate nutritional status in hospitalized infants.
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