Literature Review: Arrythmias in Pediatric Patients with Kawasaki Disease
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Abstract
Introduction: This literature review was conducted to identify the most frequent arrhythmias in children and adolescents with Kawasaki disease, at each phase of the disease, to assist teams in identifying them appropriately. It is known that this vasculitis is the leading cause of acquired cardiovascular disease in developed countries, thus, there is importance in expanding knowledge about it. Objective: In this article, gather all reports of arrhythmias related to Kawasaki Disease. Data sources: PubMed and SciELO databases were used, using MeSH descriptors "Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome," "Cardiovascular Disease," and "Arrhythmias". We found 177 papers and selected 30. Papers that did not answer the question, duplicates, or those not available in full were excluded. We analyzed papers from 1980 to 2023. Data synthesis: 105 patients diagnosed with Kawasaki disease, from case reports, retrospective studies, or cohorts, presented arrhythmias. They were divided into three groups according to the phase of the disease - acute, subacute and chronic - based on case reports. Conclusions: The most common arrhythmia in the acute and chronic phases was sinus tachycardia. In addition to this, in the chronic phase, premature ventricular contractions and right bundle branch block were also more frequent.
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