Correlation between enteral parasitosis, nutritional state and cognitive performance of schools
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Abstract
Introduction: According to current evidence, intestinal parasites are considered important public health problems, especially in emerging countries. School-age children are the main group affected, and they may present impairments in the performance of physical, cognitive and social activities. Objective: To assess whether malnutrition arising from intestinal parasitic infections contributes to the deficit in cognitive development. Methodology: This is an integrative literature review, carried out from the search for scientific records of studies in humans, published between 2016 and 2020. The Pubmed, SciELO and Lilacs databases were used, using the following descriptors “diseases parasitic”, “nutritional status”, “signs and symptoms” and “cognitive development” in Portuguese, English and Spanish, as well as the Boolean operator “and”. Results: Initially 3,203 articles were found; 3,157 were excluded due to incompatibility with the central theme of this review; duplicate studies were also discarded. During reading, 26 articles were kept, in which the cognitive development of students with the most common parasitic diseases were related. The most reported parasite was Ascaris lumbricoides, found in 19% of the articles. Conclusion: Based on current evidence, the relationship between intestinal parasites and malnutrition in schoolchildren with delayed cognitive development is well known. Thus, care in reducing risk factors, together with public deworming policies and adequate nutrition are essential for the successful growth and cognitive development of children.
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