Renal impairment in pediatric patients hospitalized with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection
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Abstract
Introduction: COVID-19 is a public health problem that can result in multisystem involvement and affect the kidneys in various ways. This study aims to describe the main factors related to kidney involvement in pediatric patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Santa Catarina, Brazil, from 2020 to 2021. Methods: Observational, descriptive study with pediatric cases hospitalized in a pediatric hospital with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, between March 2020 and March 2021 (CAAE: 39497720.8.000). Results: During this period, 94 cases of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 were confirmed. The predominant sex was male (62.77%). The average age was 4 years and 10 months, and the median was 2 years and 11 months. More than half of the patients had comorbidities (55.32%), and gastrointestinal manifestations were common (52.12%). Hematuria was observed in 11 (26.19%) and proteinuria in 25 (59.52%) of the 42 cases (55.26%) with kidney abnormalities. Creatinine was requested in 66 cases, with 18 (27.27%) showing serum alteration and 13 (19.70%) with acute kidney injury. Factors associated with the outcome were: length of hospitalization, use of nephrotoxic drugs, and the need for mechanical ventilation and vasoactive drugs. The lethality rate was 2.13%. Conclusions: This study highlights the importance of renal assessment in patients with COVID-19, as well as identifying the use of nephrotoxic and vasoactive drugs, length of hospitalization, and the need for mechanical ventilation as factors that may be associated with acute kidney injury.
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