Immature fetal sacrococcygeal teratoma: a case report
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Abstract
Introduction: Sacrococcygeal teratoma is an extragonadal germ cell tumor that arises from pluripotent stem cells. This neoplasm has the ability to display a wide array of mature human tissues or it can remain undifferentiated, the latter having a greater malignant potential. Objective: This article aims to report a case of fetal sacrococcygeal teratoma with poor outcome including literature review based on the findings. Case description: 38 years-old female pregnant patient with routine obstetric ultrasound showing a large heterogeneous fetal coccygeal mass, with cystic aspects, for which the radiology suggested the diagnostic hypothesis of a teratoma. Fetal heartbeat was absent by the 25th gestational age with the stillborn was sent for autopsy. Gross and microscopic examination endorsed the giant sacrococcygeal fetal teratoma diagnosis, displaying immature components, classified as an Altman type I, associated with multiple congenital anomalies. Discussion: Congenital sacrococcygeal teratoma is most commonly associated with other anomalies, in particular midline ones. Differentiation grade, tumor site and Altman classification are bad outcome indicators. A well-made diagnosis linked to an early treatment are essential to improve patient outcomes.
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